Physico-chemical and Microbiological (Bacteria and Protozoa) Assessment of Halabja Drinking Water, Kurdistan, Iraq

Abstract

Drinking water has directly related to human health so, it must have high quality; free from any constituents harmful to human health such as microorganisms, minerals, and organic substances. Most water born outbreaks due to inadequate sanitation and contamination of drinking water with bacteria and protozoa, which cause global health problems, so the drinking water must be monitored every month. The current research expected to evaluate the consumption water for the microbiological and chemical pollutant of Halabja. In diffirent sources of drinking water samples were collected and they subjected for physical, chemical and microbiological examination each season. The consequences of the current research indicated that Halabja Drinking water was free from waterborne microbial pathogenes. Furthermore, the highest values of the following parameters were found in autumn, although they were within international standards; total dissolved solids (382mg/I), Cl- concentration (103 mg/I), free chloride (0.58mg/I), Ec (595µS/cm), Mg⁺² (103mg/I) and total hardness (392 mg/I). Therefore this water canbeused for drinking and daily work, while the sources of Halabja drinking water need treatment and management regularly and it should be monitored systematically.