Association Between Heavy Metals and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24237/04.04.577Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a multifactorial metabolic disorder influenced by environmental and physiological factors, including exposure to toxic heavy metals. This study aimed to evaluate the association between blood levels of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and copper (Cu) and T2DM, as well as their relationship with kidney function parameters. A case–control study was conducted on 118 participants, including 92 patients with T2DM and 26 healthy controls. Blood concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Cu were measured using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), along with urea and creatinine levels. Statistical analysis was performed using independent samples t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient. The results showed significantly higher levels of Pb and Cd in T2DM patients compared to controls (p < 0.001), while Cu levels were significantly higher in controls (p < 0.05). Urea and creatinine levels were elevated in the diabetic group, indicating impaired renal function. Significant positive correlations were observed between heavy metal levels and biochemical parameters. In conclusion, elevated levels of Pb and Cd are associated with T2DM and may contribute to renal dysfunction. Monitoring heavy metal exposure may be useful for early detection and management of diabetes-related complications.
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